Exposure to lead and male fertility.
نویسنده
چکیده
Lead is a reproductive toxicant. Exposure to inorganic lead is detrimental to human semen quality. The studies of the risk of spontaneous abortion and congenital malformation have shown contradictory findings. The aim of the following review is to summarise the epidemiological evidence of the effects of inorganic lead on male fertility. The focus is on epidemiological studies of time-to-pregnancy and related fertility measures. Blood lead measurements were applied to exposure assessment in all the studies. The results of the studies on fertility rates are consistent in showing an association between lead and reduced fertility. Also, there seems to be a tendency towards stronger association at older age with increasing duration of exposure. The independent roles of exposure duration and effect modification by age may have been difficult to distinguish. There is a paucity of studies on time taken to conceive. The studies conducted only weakly suggest that male exposure to lead is associated with delayed conception. The findings of time-to-pregnancy and fertility rate studies contradict. The possible reasons for this discrepancy is discussed briefly. There are a number of mechanisms by which exposure to lead may reduce male fertility. On the basis of animal studies, alterations in sperm chromatin stabilitv or epigenetic effects may be the most probable mechanisms involved at low exposure level.
منابع مشابه
P-43: Reproductive Toxicity of Low Metal Exposureon Male
Background: Recent evidence has indicated a deterioration in reproductive health of men in many countries over the past few decades, particularly a decrease in semen quality and an increase in prevalence of prostate cancer. The human male has a relatively low fertility potential as compared to other mammals. Thus, the human male may be at greater risk from reproductive toxicants. For example, t...
متن کاملLong-term Developmental Effects of Lactational Exposure to Lead Acetate on Ovary in Offspring Wistar Rats
متن کامل
P-38: Protective Effects of Dorema Aucheri (Bilhar) Against Lead Acetate-Induced Reproductive Toxicity in Male Rats
most serious problem that leads to reproductive system failure in both human and animals. Present study was carried out to investigate whether hydroalcholic extract of Dorema aucheri leaves could protect the male rats against lead-induced reproductive toxicity. Materials and Methods: Adult wistar rats were treated with 0.1% lead acetate in drinking water with or without 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg D...
متن کاملP-15: Effects of Vitamin E and Cystein on Semen Quality and Biochemical Parameters Related with Lead Toxicity in the Male Rat
Background: This study was undertaken to investigate whether treatment with vitamin E and N acetyl cystein protects rat sperm by inhibiting reactive oxygen species generation induced by lead (Pb) exposure. Materials and Methods: After an acclimatization period of one week, 20 Male rats were divided into 4 groups of 5 rats each. Animals within different treatment groups were maintained on their ...
متن کاملTime To Pregnancy and occupational lead exposure.
BACKGROUND Lead exposure is known to be harmful to the male reproductive system, including impairment of fertility. However, it is unclear whether currently existing low levels of exposure have this effect. AIMS To study retrospectively current workers in lead using industries (battery manufacture, smelting, etc), and in non-lead using control industries, in four European countries, with Time...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health
دوره 14 3 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2001